NewLang/Verbs: Difference between revisions
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==Verb Phrase== | |||
VERB PHRASE = (CONVERB PHRASE)* MAINVERB (ADVERBS)* | |||
==Verb Template== | ==Verb Template== | ||
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VERB+<ASPECT>+TRIGGER | VERB+<ASPECT>+TRIGGER | ||
===Aspect Infixes=== | |||
===Aspect=== | |||
Verbs have lexical aspect, that is, they inherently have a sense of aspect. Can be: | Verbs have lexical aspect, that is, they inherently have a sense of aspect. Can be: | ||
* Punctual - the event happens quickly or in an instance and is done (has a definite endpoint) | * Punctual - the event happens quickly or in an instance and is done (has a definite endpoint) | ||
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==Adverbs== | |||
Adverbs are a closed class of words that can appear after the verb. See [[NewLang/Adverbs]]. | |||
Revision as of 16:38, 13 January 2018
Verb Phrase
VERB PHRASE = (CONVERB PHRASE)* MAINVERB (ADVERBS)*
Verb Template
VERB+<ASPECT>+TRIGGER
Aspect Infixes
Verbs have lexical aspect, that is, they inherently have a sense of aspect. Can be:
- Punctual - the event happens quickly or in an instance and is done (has a definite endpoint)
- Semelfactive - the event is quick, but does not have a definite endpoint
- Durative - the event happens over time and has a definite endpoint (it has a duration, by definition)
- Imperfective - the event happens over time but has no definite endpoint (it may end, but an endpoint isn't inherent in the definition). Imperfective includes states (no change over time) and activities (no change over time).
Grammatical aspect is indicated by an infix that is inserted before the stressed syllable (stress is unaffected).
| Infix | Telic | Atelic |
|---|---|---|
| -Ø- | Punctual | Continuous |
| -ema- | Continuitive (CT) | Frequentive (FREQ) |
| -lha- | Iterative (ITER) | Progressive (PROG) |
| -u- | Habitual (HAB) | |
| -toa | Gnomic (GNO) | |
Verb Forms
Preterite: --CT(C)
Converb: T--
Participle: -T'T-
Masdar: -(CL)-
Trigger Suffixes
| Target Case | Singular | Plural | Paucal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ergative | -is | |||
| Accusative | -ts | |||
| Instrumental | -lza | |||
| Benefactive | -a | |||
| Locative | -zo | |||
| Commitiative | -nua |
Adverbs
Adverbs are a closed class of words that can appear after the verb. See NewLang/Adverbs.
